A new species of <i>Potentilla</i> (Rosaceae): <i>P. baekdusanensis</i> M. Kim

Hyun JO; Changkeun SHIN; Eunkyoung SEO; Muyeol KIM

doi:10.11110/kjpt.2018.48.1.37

Original Article

Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 2018; 48(1): 37-42.

Published online: March 31, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2018.48.1.37

양지꽃속(장미과)의 신종: 백두산양지꽃(Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim)

조현, 신창근, 서은경, 김무열^*

전북대학교 자연과학대학생명과학과

A new species of Potentilla (Rosaceae): P. baekdusanensis M. Kim

Hyun JO, Changkeun SHIN, Eunkyoung SEO, Muyeol KIM^*

Department of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea

^*Author for correspondence: mykim@jbnu.ac.kr

Received February 20, 2018 Revised March 15, 2018 Accepted March 17, 2018

(open-access):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

적요

백두산에서 양지꽃속의 신종인 백두산양지꽃(Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim)을 새로이 발견하여 기재하였다. 백두산양지꽃은 잎이 우상복엽이며 엽신과 엽병에 털이 있고 3개의 상부 소엽이 하부 소엽보다 크며 포복경이 없어 양지꽃과 유사하다. 그러나 백두산양지꽃은 식물체가 소형이고 짧은 누운 털이 있으며 근생엽이 7장의 소엽으로 이루어졌고 하부 소엽이 작으며 소엽가장자리에 털이 없고 꽃잎 기부에 황적색의 무늬가 있다. 반면에, 양지꽃은 식물체가 대형이고 긴 곧은 털이 밀생하며 근생엽이 9–15장의 소엽으로 이루 어졌고 하부 소엽이 크며 소엽가장자리에 긴털이 밀생하고 꽃잎 기부에 황적색의 무늬가 없는 점에서 두 종 이 뚜렷하게 차이가 난다.

주요어: 백두산양지꽃, 양지꽃, 신종, 장미과, 백두산

Abstract

A new species, Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim, is described here. It is found in Baekdusan Mt., Korea. Potentilla baekdusanensis shares several characteristics (pinnately compound leaves, pubescent leaf blades and leaf petioles, different leaflets size, and absent stolons) with the related species P. fragarioides. However, this new species has small plants with short and curved hairs, 7 leaflets, small lower leaflets, a glabrous leaflet margin, and yellow petals with a reddish yellow base. In contrast, P. fragarioides are large plants with long and straight hairs, 9–15 leaflets, large lower leaflets, a ciliate leaf margin, and yellow petals without a reddish yellow base.

Keywords: Potentilla baekdusanensis, P. fragarioides, new species, Rosaceae, Baekdusan Mt

The genus Potentilla L. (Rosaceae) consists of approximately 500 species and is distributed primarily in temperate, arctic, and alpine zones of the Northern Hemisphere (Li et al., 2003).

Potentilla are characterized by yellow petals longer than sepals, many stamens, more than 10 carpels, and a dry fruiting receptacle (Lee, 2007). Potentilla consists of 6 sections (Rhopalostylae, Nematostylae, Closterostylae, Leptostylae, Potentilla, Conostylae) in China and 4 sections (Rhopalostylae, Nematostylae, Potentilla, Conostylae) in Korea (Li et al., 2003). Potentilla fragarioides L. belongs to section Potentilla. Seventeen taxa of Potentilla are distributed in Korea (Lee, 2007). Of them, P. fragarioides L. and P. freyniana Bornm occur widely in Korea, whereas P. nivea L. and P. gageodoensis M. Kim are rather rare and sporadically distributed (Lee, 2006; Heo et al., 2013; So et al., 2014; Kim, 2017).

A new species of Potentilla was discovered in Baekdusan Mt. in Korea. The new species shares several characters with its related species, P. fragarioides L. However, it can be distinguished from P. fragarioides based on plant size (i.e., small), leaflet hairs (i.e., short and curved), leaflet margin (i.e., glabrous), and petal base (i.e., reddish yellow). Thus, we named this new species as Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim.

Taxonomic Treatment

Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 –3). TYPE: KOREA. Baekdusan Mt., elev. 800 m, 23 Apr 2017. M. Kim MK176212 (holotype, JNU; isotypes, JNU, KH, KB).

Korean name: Baek-du-san-yang-ji-kkot 백두산양지꽃

Diagnosis: Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim can be distinguished from its related taxa P. fragarioides by having smaller plants with short and curved hairs, 7 leaflets, small lower leaflets, glabrous leaflet margin, and yellow petals with a reddish yellow base (Table 1).

Herbs perennial. Roots numerous. Stolons absent. Flowering stems 5–22, ascending or spreading, 7–11 cm in length. Basal leaves pinnately compound with 7 leaflets, 4–9 cm including petiole; stipules light-brown, abaxially sparsely spreading villous; leaflets at intervals of 0.5–1.0 cm, shortly petiolulate or subsessile, pale green on abaxial surface, leaflets elliptic, 1.5–2.0 × 1.0–1.5 cm, adaxial surface pilose or not and abaxial surface pilose on vein, margins serrate and glabrous. Cauline leaves 2, 3-foliolate, leaflets obovate or elliptic, 0.9 × 0.4 cm, abaxial surface pilose, margin serrate and glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, corymbose-cymose. Flowers bisexual, 1.3–1.6 cm in diameter. Pedicel 1.9–2.5 cm, with short and curved hairs. Sepals 5, ovate, 3.5–4.0 × 2.0–2.5 mm; epicalyx segments 5, lanceolate, 2.3–2.8 × 1.2–1.5 mm, with short and curved hairs. Petals 5, yellow with a reddish yellow base, circular, 6–7 × 6–7 mm, apex emarginate. Style 1, subterminal, clavate, thickened at apex, 1 mm in length. Fruits achene, seeds subreniform, 1.0 × 0.8 mm.

Flowering: April–May.

Distribution: Korea (Baekdusan Mt.).

Etymology: The specific epithet is derived from Baekdusan Mt., where this new species is found.

Habitats: A population of Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim was found in woodlands on Baekdusan Mt.. This new species occurs under trees in forests dominated by Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim. and Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A. Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach. This species also occurs with other herbaceous species such as Micranthes nelsoniana (D. Don) Small, Chrysosplenium flaviflorum Ohwi, Pyrola dahurica (Andres) Kom., and Lobelia sessilifolia Lamb.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes): KOREA. Baekdusan Mt., 19 May 2014. M. Kim MK140221 (JNU).

Key to Potentilla baekdusanensis and its related taxa

1. Style conic, thickened at base (Sect. Conostylae).
- 2. Leaves ternately compound ······ P. nivea 은양지꽃
- 2. Leaves pinnately compound.
- 3. Leaflets lobed ······················· P. chinensis딱지꽃
- 3. Leaflets serrulate.
- 4. Stolons present ···· P. stolonifera 제주양지꽃
- 4. Stolons absent.
- 5. Leaflets lower surfaces glabrescent ··········· ···························· P. supina 개소시랑개비
- 5. Leaflets lower surfaces pilose or glaucous · ································· P. dickinsii 돌양지꽃
1. Style clavate, thickened at apex (Sect. Potentilla).
- 6. Stolons present; leaves 3-foliolate or palmately 5-foliolate.
- 7. Leaves 3-foliolate ······ P. freyniana 세잎양지꽃
- 7. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate ································ ···································· P. flagellaris 덩굴뱀딸기
6. Stolons absent; leaves pinnately compound.
- 8. Leaflets thin, elliptic, margin ciliate or glabrous; petals 0.6–0.7 cm long.
  - 9. Basal leaves 4–9 cm; leaflets 7, lower ones small (0.4–0.6 cm), margin glabrous; petal base reddish yellow ·················································· ·················· P. baekdusanensis 백두산양지꽃
  - 9. Basal leaves 20–30 cm; leaflets 9–15, lower ones large (1–3 cm), margin ciliate; petal base yellow ························· P. fragarioides양지꽃
- 8. Leaflets thick, broadly ovate, margin densely white ciliate; petals 0.8–1.1 cm long ·················· ······························· P. gageodoensis 가거양지꽃

By applying the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN, 2011), Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim will be evaluated as the category of endangered (EN) species, because of its small population of five hundred individuals found on Baekdusan Mt..

양지꽃속(장미과)의 신종: 백두산양지꽃(Potentilla baekdusanensis M. Kim)

A new species of Potentilla (Rosaceae): P. baekdusanensis M. Kim

적요

Abstract

Taxonomic Treatment

Key to Potentilla baekdusanensis and its related taxa

NOTES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Table 1.

Literature Cited