H. T. Im, Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 54: 287, 2024.—TYPE: KOREA. Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Sabuk-eup, Mt. Duwibong, 17 Apr 2021, H. T. Im 2 41138 (holotype: CNU; currently deposited at HIBR).

Potentilla yokusaiana var. multijuga T. B. Lee, Jasaeng Singmul (自生植物) 29: 395, 1993, syn. nov.—TYPE: KOREA. Gangwon-do, Samcheok-si, Mt. Myeonsan, 26 May 1993, T. B. Lee s.n. (lectotype, designated here: KH, KHB1617771, Fig. 2; isolectotype: KH, KHB1617769, Fig. 3).

벋음양지꽃 (Beot-eum-yang-ji-kkot).

Kim et al. (2005) regarded all names published in Jasaeng Singmul (自生植物) as not effectively published because they considered the publication to be a non-scientific newspaper (Art. 30.7), and consequently treated the names as not validly published. This interpretation is reassessed here with respect to effective publication (Arts. 29.1 and 30.7). The periodical was issued in printed form as a numbered serial by the Hanguk Jasaeng Singmul Yeonguhoe (한국자생식물연구 회), and copies were distributed to the National Library of Korea, a publicly accessible library, and to scientific institutions with generally accessible libraries, including Seoul National University and the Korea National Arboretum, thereby meeting the distribution requirement (Art. 29.1). Examination of the publication shows that it contained substantive botanical contributions, including taxonomic descriptions, records of rare plants and their localities, floristic accounts, and articles on plant conservation. Its issuing body, serial format, and substantive botanical content indicate that it was intended for a botanical and plant-conservation readership and characterize it as a botanical periodical rather than a nonscientific newspaper (Art. 30.7). The name Potentilla yokusaiana var. multijuga is therefore considered effectively published. Because the protologue also included a Latin description and an explicit type citation, Potentilla yokusaiana var. multijuga satisfies the requirements for valid publication (Arts. 39.1, 40.1, and 40.3–40.5).

Although the protologue cited “Coll. Agr. S.N.U.” as the type depository, no specimen matching the type citation was located at SNUA during the present investigation. All three specimens examined in this study retain original labels headed “Herbarium of Facultatis Agriculturae Suwonensis, S.N.U. (HAS),” a historical designation of the herbarium now known by the acronym SNUA (Figs. 2–4). They also have consecutive KH accession numbers (KHB1617769–KHB1617771), suggesting that they were accessioned at KH together or in close succession. However, no archival record documenting the date or circumstances of the transfer of these particular specimens was located. All three specimens are currently preserved at KH. The protologue indicated the type by reference to a single gathering rather than to an explicitly designated single specimen (Art. 40.3). KHB1617769 and KHB1617771 bear identical locality, collection date, and collector information on their original HAS labels, and these data correspond to the type citation in the protologue. The two sheets are therefore regarded as duplicates of the same type gathering. Because mention of a single gathering does not by itself constitute designation of a holotype (Art. 9.2), and the cited gathering is represented by two specimens, the two sheets are treated as syntypes (Art. 9.6; Art. 40 Note 3). On KHB1617771, the collection data on the original HAS label are handwritten in ink, whereas Lee’s annotation “type” is written in pencil (Fig. 2). The date of the pencil annotation cannot be established, and the annotation cannot be shown to have formed part of the original type indication. The annotation therefore does not establish KHB1617771 as the holotype (Arts. 9.1 and 9.2). Nevertheless, as an indication of Lee’s intent, the annotation provides a reasonable basis for selecting this particular sheet as the lectotype (Rec. 9A.3). KHB1617771 is therefore designated here as the lectotype from among the syntypes (Arts. 9.3(a), 9.11(a), and 9.12), and KHB1617769 is treated as the isolectotype.

Potentilla yokusaiana var. multijuga is clearly distinct from P. yokusaiana var. yokusaiana but is essentially identical to P. rhizoma in diagnostically significant morphological characteristics, particularly leaf architecture, rhizome morphology, and stolon development. Potentilla yokusaiana var. multijuga has pinnate radical leaves with 5–7(9) leaflets, elongated, thickened rhizomes, and no stolons (Sun et al., 2024), whereas P. yokusaiana var. yokusaiana has trifoliolate radical leaves, a short, unthickened rhizome, and well-developed stolons (Naruhashi, 2001; Heo et al., 2019). Given this morphological distinction, we recognize P. yokusaiana var. multijuga at the species rank. Because P. yokusaiana var. multijuga was published at the varietal rank, P. rhizoma has priority at the species rank (Arts. 11.2 and 11.4).